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Henan crane manufacturers analyze the working principle of crane braking devices
Release time：2026/9/14 22:03:53 Source： Author：
Henan crane manufacturers analyze the working principle of crane braking devices
Braking devices are divided into brakes and stoppers. Stoppers can only allow the shaft to rotate freely in one direction and cannot absorb kinetic energy; they can only support the item to remain stationary. Generally, the working mechanism of a crane should be equipped with brakes. Only in the following situations can brakes be omitted: 1. The mechanism is driven by a cylinder that moves in a straight line, and the locking oil circuit can rely on the ground to stop the mechanism. 2. The manual operating mechanism of an overhead crane, which is not affected by wind force or ramp component force.
When the excitation coil of the crane brake is connected to rated voltage (DC), electromagnetic force attracts the armature, causing it to disengage (release) from the brake disc. At this point, the drive shaft, along with the brake disc, operates or starts normally. When the transmission system is disconnected or powered off, the brake is also simultaneously de-energized. At this time, the spring applies pressure to the armature, forcing a frictional torque between the brake disc, armature, and flange, which quickly stops the drive shaft. In situations where the brake operates in a poor heat dissipation environment and the drive shaft operates continuously for extended periods, if conditions permit, the voltage can be maintained at 70%-80% of the rated voltage after the brake has operated, to reduce heat generation.
Based on different installation and operation conditions, brakes are categorized into three types: normally closed, normally open, and integrated. For bridge cranes (double-beam cranes - double-main beam gantry cranes), U-shaped designs mostly adopt normally closed brakes. Normally closed brakes are closed during periods when the mechanism is not in operation. To activate the mechanism, simply release the brake to separate the friction pairs of the brake, and the mechanism can then operate. According to their design, brakes used on cranes can be classified into block brakes, band brakes, disc brakes, and conical brakes.
Henan crane manufacturer
The braking device is a crucial component ensuring the safe and normal operation of a crane. During lifting operations, the braking device prevents suspended objects or the boom from falling, and prevents the turntable or crane from sliding due to wind forces or slope component forces; it can also slow down the rotating mechanism and ultimately bring it to a halt. Additionally, it can grip heavy objects for movement according to work requirements. In special situations, by controlling the balance between power and gravity, the braking device can adjust the speed of movement.